What is GIS?

GIS stand for Geographic Information System. 

Geographic: The real world; spatial realities.

Information: Data and Information; their meaning and use.

System: Computer technology and its support infrastructure.

DEFINITIONS OF GIS

        A computer based technology and methodology for collection, managing, analyzing, modeling, and presenting geographic data for a wide range of applications.

Advanced computer mapping.

Computerized technology for geographic data.

GIS is a set of computer tools that allows people to work with data that are tied to a particular location.

GIS DESCRIPTION

                Collection 

       

                           Storage and Managing

                                     

                                           Retrieval

                                             

                                                        Conversion

                                                   

                                                                 Analyzing

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Modeling

GIS PROJECT

  

A project usually begins with an assessment of needs. What specific issues must be studied, kind of information is needed to support decision making, what functions must the GIS perform, how long will the project last, who will be using the data.

       Without a realistic idea of what the system must accomplish, it is nearly impossible to design it efficiently. When project developing or modeling raw data is the base data for a project. Once needs are known and any appropriate models have been designed, data collection can begin GIS data are stored as layer. General base layers such as;

• General Reference Map 

• Field and GPS data          

• Remote sensing               

• Soil Survey report           

• Descriptive data

After the data are assembled the analysis can begin, which might requir making changes to the model and/or data. Thus the step of model development can result from above data;

              

• Theme 1:Base Map

• Theme 2:Land Cover

• Theme 3:Population

• Theme 4:Economics

The final result must be checked carefully against reality in order to recognize any shortcomings and provide guidelines for improving future work.

MULTIDISCIPLINARY GIS

It is not just a tool for academic research but functions as a true integrated technology. Phone companies, Banks, Advertising firms, many type of commercial enterprises, emergency services, and many other public and private activities have adopted GIS as a major information and decision-support technology.

APPLICATIONS

GIS work with many different applications, land use planning, environmental management, sociological analysis, business marketing and more.

TECHNOLOGY

Geography , Remote sensing , Demography, Education, Planning , Geology, Engineering , Ecology , Hydrology , Surveying , Archeology, Computer science.